Which of the following antibiotics is most appropriate for empiric treatment of bacterial meningitis?
Cephalosporins. Third-generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime or ceftriaxone) are recommended for the treatment of childhood bacterial meningitis (A-I) and for pneumococcal and meningococcal meningitis caused by penicillin-resistant strains (A-III). They are the drugs of choice for empiric therapy in the treatment of H.
What is the drug of choice for bacterial meningitis?
Since then, penicillin has remained the drug of choice for the treatment of meningococcal meningitis. However, current IDSA guidelines list ceftriaxone or cefotaxime as the drugs of choice. The image below shows indications of increased intracranial pressure, an early complication of bacterial meningitis.
What antibiotic treats Neisseria meningitidis?
Meningococcal infections are usually treated with penicillin, ampicillin, or a combination of penicillin and chloramphenicol. Isolates of Neisseria meningitidis with increased levels of resistance to penicillin have been reported in the last few years, particularly from Spain and the United Kingdom (17, 20).
What is the best antibiotic for meningitis?
In most cases of bacterial meningitis a broad spectrum cephalosporin (cefotaxime or ceftriaxone) is the most appropriate empirical choice in children over 3 months old. These cover Neisseria meningitides, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae, and penetrate CSF well.
Why is ceftriaxone given for meningitis?
Ceftriaxone reaches a high bactericidal titer in the cerebrospinal fluid and persists at the site of infection longer than any other beta-lactam antibiotic.
What is treatment for meningococcal meningitis?
Penicillin is the drug of choice for the treatment of meningococcal meningitis and septicemia. Chemoprophylactic antimicrobials most commonly used to eradicate meningococci include rifampin, quinolones (eg, ciprofloxacin), ceftriaxone. Also included in this class are minocycline and spiramycin.
Does ciprofloxacin treat meningitis?
Brief Summary: This study evaluates the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin, given to the contacts of meningitis cases, on the overall attack rate of meningitis during an epidemic….Ciprofloxacin for the Prevention of Meningococcal Meningitis.
| Condition or disease | Intervention/treatment | Phase |
|---|---|---|
| Meningitis, Meningococcal | Drug: Ciprofloxacin | Phase 4 |
Why is dexamethasone given before antibiotics in meningitis?
Dexamethasone reduces morbidity and mortality in bacterial meningitis by blunting the inflammatory response secondary to bacterial lysis, which frequently causes detrimental physiologic effects. Dexamethasone should be given prior (20 minutes before) or concurrently with antibiotics.
Can ceftriaxone treat meningitis?
Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin recommended for empirical treatment of bacterial meningitis (1–3). This antibiotic displays original pharmacokinetics (PK) with dual biliary and renal clearance and an extended half-life allowing a twice-daily or even a once-daily administration scheme.
What is prophylaxis for meningitis?
Close contacts of a person with meningococcal disease should receive antibiotics to prevent them from getting sick. Experts call this prophylaxis (pro-fuh-lak-sis). Examples of close contacts include: People in the same household.
