What is oncogenic osteomalacia?
Oncogenic osteomalacia — also referred to as tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) — is a rare endocrine disorder in which a small bony or soft tissue mesenchymal tumor causes hypophosphatemia via secretion of FGF23 .
Is osteomalacia a cancer?
These tumors most commonly occur in the skin, muscles, or bones of the extremities or in the paranasal sinuses around the head. Most of these tumors are benign, meaning they are not associated with cancer . Oncogenic osteomalacia can occur in children or adults.
What is Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia?
Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (HO) is an uncommon metabolic disease characterized by low concentrations of serum phosphate levels, which leads to reduced mineralization of the bone matrix (1). It may affect individuals of all ages and either gender.
What causes TIO?
TIO is caused by tumoral overproduction of FGF23 that acts primarily at the proximal renal tubule to inhibit phosphate reabsorption and 1α-hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, which leads to hypophosphatemia and eventually osteomalacia (Chong et al., 2011a, Minisola et al., 2017).
What is the treatment of osteomalacia?
Treatment for osteomalacia involves providing enough vitamin D and calcium, both required to harden and strengthen bones, and treating disorders that might cause the condition.
Can osteomalacia be reversed?
Osteomalacia is treatable, usually with vitamin and/or mineral supplements, and most people can be cured. It is generally treated by administration of vitamin D, calcium and, if needed, also phosphorus. If the osteomalacia is caused by an underlying condition, this will also need to be treated.
What is renal phosphate wasting?
Renal phosphate wasting can result from genetic or acquired renal disorders. Acquired renal phosphate wasting syndromes can result from vitamin D deficiency hyperparathyroidism, oncogenic osteomalecia, and Fanconi syndrome.
How do you treat osteomalacia naturally?
Osteomalacia caused by inadequate sun exposure or a diet low in vitamin D often can be prevented by getting enough vitamin D.
- Eat foods high in vitamin D. Foods naturally rich in vitamin D include oily fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines) and egg yolks.
- Take supplements, if needed.
