How does aminoglycoside antibiotics cause deafness?
Aminoglycosides appear to generate free radicals within the inner ear, with subsequent permanent damage to sensory cells and neurons, resulting in permanent hearing loss. Two mutations in the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene have been previously reported to predispose carriers to aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.
Which aminoglycoside antibiotics causes more hearing loss?
Kanamycin: Although less toxic than neomycin, kanamycin is quite ototoxic. Kanamycin has a propensity to cause profound cochlear hair cell damage, marked high-frequency hearing loss, and complete deafness. The damaging effect is primarily to the cochlea, while the vestibular system is usually spared injury.
What are the three common toxicities caused by alkylating drugs?
The major clinical toxicities of most of the alkylating agents are similar to those of mechloramine, primarily bone marrow depression (including anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia) and nausea and vomiting. As noted above, alkylating agents generally have low TIs, because they target all dividing cells.
Can vancomycin cause hearing loss?
Ototoxicity is a less frequently described adverse effect of vancomycin and has not been as readily demonstrated, however vestibular damage and/or cochlear damage associated with tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss has been reported in humans after administration of vancomycin [9–14].
What antibiotics can cause hearing loss?
Common medications that can cause hearing loss include: Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, netilmicin, and amikacin can cause permanent hearing loss.
Which antibiotics can cause hearing loss?
Common medications that can cause hearing loss include:
- Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, neomycin, tobramycin, netilmicin, and amikacin can cause permanent hearing loss.
- Erythromycin is a class of macrolide antibiotics.
What drug is not alkylating?
Note: Although the platinum-containing anticancer agents, carboplatin, cisplatin, and oxaliplatin are frequently classified as alkylating agents, they are not.
What is the clinical use of cisplatin?
Cisplatin, cisplatinum, or cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II), is a well-known chemotherapeutic drug. It has been used for treatment of numerous human cancers including bladder, head and neck, lung, ovarian, and testicular cancers.
